The Effect of Hepatocyte Growth Factor on Learning and Memory Abilities in a Rat Model of Kainate-Induced Epilepsy

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 IUMS

2 Iran Univ Med. Sci.

3 Shahed Univ.

4 Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

5 TUMS, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background and Objective: Epilepsy as a chronic neurological disorder causes inherent seizures and learning and memory failure. Since there is no acceptable control of seizures in some patients with the current recommended drug therapy, new medications with different mechanisms of action are needed. Here, the beneficial effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was evaluated in an experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy in male rats.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, effects of intracerebroventricular administration of HGF (6 µg) thirty minutes before intrahippocampal injection of kainic acid (4 µg) on spontaneous seizures and learning and memory impairment were assessed in rats. As positive control group, valproic acid (200 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally.
Results: Behavior data showed that the kainate rats exhibited spontaneous seizures, lower spontaneous alternation score in Y-maze task (p
Conclusion: This study revealed that HGF administration to kainate-injected rats attenuates seizure scores and improves learning and memory.

Keywords

References

1. Dichter MA. Emerging concepts in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and epileptogenesis. Archive Neurology. 2009; 66(4), 443-447.
2. Riviello JJ. Classification of seizures and epilepsy. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 2003; 3(4), 325-31.
3. Banerjee PN, Filippi D, Allen Hauser W. The descriptive epidemiology of epilepsy-a review. Epilepsy Research 2009; 85(1), 31-45.
4. McHugh JC, Delanty N. Epidemiology and classification of epilepsy: gender comparisons. International Review of Neurobiology 2008; 83(1), 11-26.
5. Schwarcz R, Witter MP. Memory impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy: the role of entorhinal lesions. Epilepsy Research. 2002; 50(1-2), 161–177.
6. Gonzalez LM, Mahdavi N, Anderson VA, Harvey AS. Changes in memory function in children and young adults with temporal lobe epilepsy: a follow-up study. Epilepsy Behavior 2012; 23(3), 213-9.
7. Chauvière L, Rafrafi N, Thinus-Blanc C, Bartolomei F, Esclapez M, Bernard C. Early deficits in spatial memory and theta rhythm in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy. Journal of Neuroscience 2009; 29(17), 5402-10.
8. Beghi E. Treating epilepsy across its different stages. Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders. 2010; 3(2), 85-92.
9. Treiman DM. GABAergic Mechanisms in Epilepsy. Epilepsi 2001; 42(Suppl. 3), 8–12.
10. Simonato M. Angels and demons: Neurotrophic factors and Epilepsy. Pharmacological Sciences 2006; 27(12), 631-638.
11. Bottaro DP. Identification of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor as the c-Met proto-oncogene product. Science 1991; 251 (4995), 802– 4.
12. Johnson M. Hepatocyte growth factor induces proliferation and morphogenesis in nonparenchymal epithelial liver cells. Hepatology 1993; 17 (6), 1052–61.
13. Powell EM, Campbell DB, Stanwood GD, Davis C, Noebels JL, Levitt P. Genetic Disruption of Cortical Interneuron Development Causes Region- and GABA Cell Type-Specific Deficits, Epilepsy, and Behavioral Dysfunction. The Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(2), 622– 631.
14. Simonato M, Tongiorgi E, Kokaia M. Angels and demons: Neurotrophic factors and Epilepsy.Pharmacological Sciences 2006; 27(12), 631-638.
15. Bae MH, Bissonette GB, Mars WM, Michalopoulos GK, Achim CL, Depireux DA, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) modulates GABAergic inhibition and seizure susceptibility. Experimental Neurology 2010; 221(1), 129–135.
16. Aguilar LC and Islas A. The Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) Reduce The Convulsive Effect of Kainic Acid in Wistar Rats. Edelfo Neuro Recovery Center 2014, México
17. Racine R, Okujava V, Chipashvili S. Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation. 3. Mechanisms. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 1972; 32, 295–299.
18. Rasoolijazi H, Joghataie MT, Roghani M, Nobakht M.The beneficial effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in an experimental model of Alzheimer’s disease in rat: A behavioral analysis. Iran Biomedical Journal 2007; 11(4), 237–243.
19. Roghani M, Baluchnejadmojarad T. Chronic epigallocatechin-gallate improves aortic reactivity of diabetic rats: Underlying mechanisms. Vascular Pharmacology 2009; 51(2–3), 84–89.
20. Wonders CP, Anderson SA. The origin and specification of cortical interneurons. Nature reviews. Neuroscience 2006; 7, 687–696.
21. Cobos I, Calcagnotto ME, Vilaythong AJ, Thwin MT, Noebels JL. Baraban, SC, et al. Mice lacking Dlx1 show subtype-specific loss of interneurons, reduced inhibition and epilepsy. Nature Neuroscience 2005; 8, 1059–1068.
22. Garbelli R, Meroni A, Magnaghi G, Beolchi MS, Ferrario A, Tassi L, et al. Architectural (Type IA) focal cortical dysplasia and parvalbumin immunostaining in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 2006; 47, 1074–1078.
23. Schwaller B, Tetko IV, Tandon P, Silveira DC, Vreugdenhil M, Henzi T, et al. Parvalbumin deficiency affects network properties resulting in increased susceptibility to epileptic seizures. Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences 2004; 25, 650–663.
24. Ohmichi H, Koshimizu U, Matsumoto K, Nakamura T. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) acts as a mesenchymederived morphogenic factor during fetal lung development. Development 1998; 125(7), 1315–1324.
25. Bottaro DP, Rubin JS, Faletto DL, Chan AM, Kmiecik TE, Vande Woude GF, et al. Identification of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor as the c-met proto-oncogene product Science 1991; 251(4995), 802–804.
26. Matsumoto K, Nakamura T. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) as a tissue organizer for organogenesis and regeneration. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1997; 239(3), 639–644.
27. Michalopoulos GK, Zarnegar R. Hepatocyte growth factor. Hepatology 1992; 15(1), 149–155.
28. Ebens A, Brose K, Leonardo ED, Hanson MG Jr, Bladt F, Birchmeier C, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor is an axonal chemoattractant and a neurotrophic factor for spinal motor neurons. Neuron 1996; 17(6), 1157–1172.
29. Maina F, Klein R. Hepatocyte growth factor, a versatile signal for developing neurons. Nature Neuroscience 1999; 2(3), 213–217.
30. Tsuboi Y1, Kakimoto K, Nakajima M, Akatsu H, Yamamoto T, Ogawa K, et al. Increased hepatocyte growth factor level in cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer’s disease. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 2003; 107(2) 81–86.
31. Powell EM, Mars WM, Levitt P. Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor is a motogen for interneurons migrating from the ventral to dorsal telencephalon. Neuron 2001; 30, 79–89.
32. Salehi Z, Rajaei F. Expression of hepatocyte growth factor in the serumand cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2010; 17(12), 1553–1556.
33. Mars WM, Zarnegar R, Michalopoulos GK. Activation of hepatocyte growth factor by the plasminogen activators uPA and tPA. American Journal of Pathology 1993; 143, 949–958.
34. Ellis V, Behrendt N, Dano K. Plasminogen activation by receptor-bound urokinase. A kinetic study with both cell-associated and isolated receptor. Journal of Biology and Chemistry. 1991; 266, 12752–12758.
35. Powell EM, Campbell DB, Stanwood GD, Davis C, Noebels JL, Levitt P. Genetic disruption of cortical interneuron development causes region- and GABA cell type-specific deficits, epilepsy, and behavioral dysfunction. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23, 622–631.
36. Bae MH, Bissonette GB, Mars WM, Michalopoulos GK, Achim CL, Depireux DA, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) modulates GABAergic inhibition and seizure susceptibility. Experimental Neurology 2010; 221, 129–135.
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics