Alzheimer's rats treated with aluminum chloride show damage to the excretory system: an evidence-based approach in support of systemic disruption

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University

2 Shahed University

Abstract

Introduction and purpose: Many organs, such as the excretory system, are impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but there is insufficient research and information on these criteria. Researchers use AlCl3 (Al) to induce AD in an experimental model. We investigated the effects of oral Al consumption on the excretory system of rats. Methods: The experimental groups used Al (10 and 50 mg/kg) in volume concentration in drinking water for two and four weeks. Each period had a control group that received only water. At the end, blood samples were taken from the hearts of rats by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine and xylazine, and serum was prepared for analysis of levels of uric acid, urea, C-reactive protein, creatinine, albumin, cortisol, IL-1β, and TNF-α. The kidneys were surgically removed from the rats under deep anesthesia and placed in 10% formalin. Kidney tissue was cut and stained with hematoxylin eosin, Evans blue, fast silver nitrate, and the density of corticosteroid receptor in kidney tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. All data were analyzed using ANOVA. Findings: The results showed that animals treated with Al had a destructive effect on kidney tissue in both periods compared to the control group (significant reduction of capillary network inside Bowman's capsule) and serum levels of cortisol, CRP, IL-1β and uric acid increased, but the levels of albumin, TNF-α and also the expression level of corticosteroid receptors decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: AD has an adverse effect on kidney structure and function in an animal model, possibly through high levels of IL-1β.

Keywords

Journal of Basic and Clinical Pathophysiology
Volume 14, Issue 2
January 2026
Pages 1-12

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