Journal of Basic and Clinical Pathophysiology

Journal of Basic and Clinical Pathophysiology

Alzheimer's rats treated with aluminum chloride show damage to the excretory system: an evidence-based approach in support of systemic disruption

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Raziyeh Eslami Bashciz
Manizheh Karami
Haniyeh Amini
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
10.22070/jbcp.2025.19879.1189
Abstract
Background and Objective: Many organs such as the excretory system are impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but there are insufficient research and information on these criteria. Researchers use AlCl3 (Al) to induce AD in an experimental model. We investigated the effects of oral Al consumption on the excretory system of rats.
Materials and Methods: The experimental groups received Al (10 and 50 mg/kg) in drinking water for two and four weeks. Each period had a control group that received only water. At the end, blood samples were taken from the hearts of rats by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine and xylazine, and serum was prepared for analysis of levels of uric acid, urea, C-reactive protein, creatinine, albumin, cortisol, IL-1β, and TNF-α. The kidneys were surgically removed from the rats under deep anesthesia and placed in 10% formalin. Kidney tissue was cut and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Evans blue, fast silver nitrate, and the density of corticosteroid receptor in kidney tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. All data were analyzed using ANOVA.
Results: The results showed that animals treated with Al had a destructive effect on kidney tissue in both periods compared to the control group (significant reduction of capillary network inside Bowman's capsule) and serum levels of cortisol, CRP, IL-1β and uric acid increased, but the levels of albumin, TNF-α and also the expression level of corticosteroid receptors decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: AD has an adverse effect on kidney structure and function in an animal model, possibly through high levels of IL-1β.
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease
Aluminum chloride
Kidney
IL-1&‌beta
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Journal of Basic and Clinical Pathophysiology
Volume 14, Issue 2
January 2026
Pages 1-12